Background: Anterior dental trauma is known to be common in our environment as well as the complications that come with it. These injuries have been seen to impact the quality of life (QoL) of children significantly due to the fact that they compromise their dental health. This leads to aesthetic, psychological, social, and therapeutic problems impacting both the children and their parents. Treatment of these injuries has also been severely neglected possibly due to lack of awareness of where or how to access treatment as well as fear of dental treatment. However, treatment may on the other hand bring about a substantial improvement on the QoL of children in terms of their daily living. Aim: To assess the effect of dental treatment on the QoL of 12- to 15-year-old Nigerian school children previously identified as having had traumatized anterior teeth. Design: This is a follow-up study where secondary data were extracted from a cross-sectional study involving 1575 children attending public and private secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. One hundred and ninety-six adolescents with evidence of dental trauma, previously identified as having their QoL negatively affected as a result of dental trauma, were called to take part in the follow-up study. The Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ_11-14) was used in assessing the QoL of participants with dental trauma before and after treatment. Data were analysed using the IBM^® SPSS^® Statistics version 20.0, and the effect of dental treatment on the QoL of the participants was assessed using the McNemar’s test. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Fifty-one (26.0%) out of the 196 invited children participated; there were 31 males and 20 females. The mean age was 13.4 years (standard deviation 1.1 years). Eighty traumatized anterior teeth were involved, with the maxillary centrals being the commonest (68, 85%). Twenty-three (45.1%) participants had more than one traumatized tooth. The commonest dental trauma was enamel fracture, which involved the dentine (39, 48.8%). The main treatments given were composite build-up (36, 45%) and root canal treatment (42, 52.5%). With the CPQ_11-14, in the oral symptoms domain, the number adversely affected before treatment fell from 30 (58.8%) to 3 (5.9%) (P < 0.001); in the emotional well-being domain, the number dropped from 35 (68.6%) to 10 (19.6%) (P < 0.001); and in the social well-being domain, the number fell from 34 (66.7%) to 22 (43.1%) (P = 0.004). However, in the functional limitation domain, the number adversely affected increased from 24 (47.1%) before to 46 (90.2%) after treatment (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Treatment resulted in a significant improvement in the QoL of participants, especially regarding their oral symptoms, and emotional and social well-being. However, there was worsening in the functional limitation domain. There is the need to introduce oral health into the school curriculum in order to encourage early reporting and prompt treatment of traumatic dental injuries.

Background: Antenatal clinic is an opportunity to counsel women on the need for postpartum contraception. This study was designed to determine the effect of structured antenatal counselling on postpartum contraceptive uptake. Materials and Methods: A prospective intervention study was conducted in the antenatal clinic of Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu from July 15, 2018 to June 31, 2019. Two hundred antenatal attendees were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. Women in the control group had routine antenatal counselling by the nurses/midwives, whereas those in the intervention group had well-structured antenatal contraceptive education sessions at each antenatal visit. A data capture sheet was used to obtain relevant information at presentation in labor and completed 6 months postpartum through phone conversation. Results: The overall contraceptive acceptor prevalence was 35.5%. Majority of the contraceptive acceptors (42.3%) opted for intrauterine contraceptive devices. The contraceptive prevalence among the intervention group was 45% when compared with 26% among the controls. This was statistically significant (χ² =7.883, P = 0.005). However, after multivariate logistic regression analysis, the intervention (structured antenatal counselling) was not found to be a significant determinant of postpartum contraceptive uptake [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.0; confidence interval (CI) 0.4–2.2; P = 0.941). Previous history of contraceptive usage, attending six or more antenatal visits, and Islamic religion were significant determinants of postpartum contraceptive uptake [(AOR 34.3; CI 7.1–164.6; P < 0.001) (AOR 8.0; CI 2.9–22.3; P < 0.001) (AOR 8.3; CI 3.3–10.0; P < 0.001), respectively]. Conclusion: Incorporation of structured antenatal contraceptives counselling was not significantly better than routine antenatal care in its effect on postpartum contraceptive uptake. There is need for deliberate efforts to encourage women to attend antenatal clinics in which contraceptive information would be provided during routine visits.

Context: Labor exposes many women to severe pain. Effective labor pain management is one of the prerequisites for a satisfying labor experience. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the labor pain management practices and patients’ assessment of adequacy of pain relief in two tertiary hospitals in South West Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 132 pregnant women who had a noninstrumental vaginal delivery at the obstetric units of Babcock University Teaching Hospital and Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, between December 2017 and May 2018. A structured questionnaire was administered to women within 24 h of delivery to record details of labor and delivery, the form of labor analgesia administered and respondents’ perceived effectiveness of the analgesia. Data were analyzed using the IBM-SPSS statistics for Windows version 21.0 (IBM, Armonk, New York). Results: Sixty-six (50%) women rated labor pain to be severe. Thirty-eight women (28.8%) did not receive any pain relief during labor. Nonpharmacological pain management practices such as back massage, breathing exercises, and companionship were administered to 45(34.1%), 79(59.8%), and 45(34.1%) women, respectively. Nine women (6.8%) received intramuscular pentazocine (30 mg) for labor analgesia. There was a statistically significant association between use of back massage and severe labor pain perception (χ² = 4.080; P = 0.043). Self-reported effectiveness was highest among users of back massage (82.2%) and companionship (77.8%). Conclusions: There is a large unmet need for labor analgesia in South West Nigeria. Nonpharmacological pain management practices were the most frequently used methods, and most patients experienced reduction in severity of pain. There is need for improvements in obstetric analgesia services in our maternity units.

A dermoid cyst is a benign lesion that may occur in different parts of the body. A dermoid cyst of the subgaleal space over the anterior fontanelle is rather uncommon. We present a case of congenital dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanelle in a 3-month-old male infant, underscoring the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and highlighting the classical clinical, sonographic, surgical, and pathological findings.